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Neuro Treatment Archives - http://snaayu.org/category/neuro-treatment/ Tue, 04 Oct 2022 17:42:03 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.6.2 http://snaayu.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/logo-inverse-1-150x53.png Neuro Treatment Archives - http://snaayu.org/category/neuro-treatment/ 32 32 Autoimmune disorder with antibodies http://snaayu.org/autoimmune-disorder-with-antibodies/ http://snaayu.org/autoimmune-disorder-with-antibodies/#respond Sun, 30 May 2021 18:56:05 +0000 http://snaayu.org/?p=782 Autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy (AAG) is a rare autoimmune disorder with antibodies against ganglionic nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α3-nAChR) of the autonomic ganglia¹. Patients may experience symptoms of acute to subacute.

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Autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy (AAG) is a rare autoimmune disorder with antibodies against ganglionic nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α3-nAChR) of the autonomic ganglia¹. Patients may experience symptoms of acute to subacute, generalized sympathetic, parasympathetic and enteric autonomic failure. Antibodies are detected in about 50% of patients and levels correlate with the severity of dysautonomia. An understanding of the underlying pathophysiology is imperative for timely diagnosis and management, including the appropriate use of immunosuppressive therapy in conjunction with plasmapheresis, supportive care and a search for malignancy. Patients may be seronegative for α3-nAChR antibodies but may still benefit from immunotherapy³. The clinical course of AAG is variable. Spontaneous improvement occurs in about one-third of patients, but recovery is typically incomplete.

The ANS affects blood flows, digestion, the immune system, heart rate, sleep, etc. When the body needs to respond to a stressor, the fight or flight (sympathetic nervous system (SNS)) is activated. When the stressor is gone, the “rest and digest” (parasympathetic nervous system (PNS)) returns the body to normal functioning. In ME/CFS, POTS and FM, the fight or flight system has become unusually activated.

There was a talk on autoimmune autonomic gangliopathy (AAG) given by Steven Vernino at the recent Dysautonomia Conference.

Autoimmune autonomic gangliopathy (AAG) is interesting because it demonstrates how the immune system can take a two-by-four to the autonomic nervous system. Given the many people with ME/CFS, FM and POTS whose diseases were triggered by an infection; i.e. an immune response – that’s an intriguing fact.

Steve Vernino related how one 50 year old woman’s AAG began with a cold! Four days later, she was admitted to hospital with severe nausea, abdominal pain, tingling, blurry vision, and dizziness. Her blood pressure was doing weird things: lying down, her blood pressure was high normal, but standing up, it dropped to 80/56.

Since the ANS regulates blood pressure, those strange blood pressure readings suggested that her ANS wasn’t functioning properly. Other signs – dry mouth, enlarged pupils, and lack of sweating – also pointed to problems with the ANS. Her sensory and motor nerves – which run alongside ANS nerves – on the other hand, were normal.

What had happened? Autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy (AAG) is a rare disease, but researchers ultimately uncovered what was going on. The ANS produces two kinds of nerve “ganglia” – areas where the nerves collect together. The parasympathetic nerve ganglia are found near the organs, while the sympathetic ganglia are found close to the spinal cord. Acetylcholine is used to open up a channel between one neuron and another – and activate the nerves.

Studies uncovered the presence of antibodies in AAG patients which attack the anti-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChR) that are responsible for opening up the channel between two autonomic nerves. With the channel blocked, the signal cannot pass and the ANS cannot work. That’s why her blood pressure dropped severely when standing up. It’s why she had so many gut problems.

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Stroke Recovery http://snaayu.org/stroke-recovery/ http://snaayu.org/stroke-recovery/#respond Wed, 26 May 2021 19:22:00 +0000 http://snaayu.org/?p=569 A stroke is triggered when a blood vessel in the brain gets blocked or bursts. A common analogy is that it’s like a heart attack in the brain. Blood vessels are critical as they carry nutrients and oxygen to the brain.

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The good news is that in many instances, a brain can heal itself after a stroke. The brain is a fighter.

A stroke is triggered when a blood vessel in the brain gets blocked or bursts. A common analogy is that it’s like a heart attack in the brain. Blood vessels are critical as they carry nutrients and oxygen to the brain. When a stroke causes a blood vessel to block or rupture, the neurons in the brain are deprived of blood. Without blood, these cells starve and die. This damage triggers different physical and mental changes in stroke victims.

Fortunately, damaged brain cells are not beyond repair. They can regenerate — this process of creating new cells is called neurogenesis. The most rapid recovery usually occurs during the first three to four months after a stroke. However, recovery can continue well into the first and second year. A strong post-stroke care plan can make a world of difference.

What are the Effects of a Stroke?

Strokes can affect everyone differently depending on the severity of the stroke, which side of the brain was damaged, and a person’s overall health before the stroke. The side of the body most affected is opposite the side of the brain that was initially damaged.

  • A stroke on the left side of the brain is likely to cause speech problems and a slow, cautious behavioral style
  • A stroke on the right side of the brain is more likely to cause vision problems and result in a quick, inquisitive behavioral style
  • A stroke in the brain stem is the most severe, causing significant paralysis and speech issues
  • Memory loss and motor skill paralysis are common symptoms regardless of where the stroke occurs in the brain

Common physical, mental, and emotional symptoms following a stroke include:

  • Muscle weakness
  • Trouble walking
  • Trouble grasping objects
  • Joint pain and rigidity
  • Muscle stiffness or spasms
  • Numbness or tingling in the arms and legs
  • Incontinence
  • Vision issues
  • An altered sense of touch – such as the ability to feel hot and cold
  • Chronic pain syndromes resulting from damage to the nervous system
  • Trouble coordinating body movements
  • Difficulty swallowing and eating
  • Problems with perception such as judging distances
  • Speech and language problems – as in processing and/or communicating information (also known as Aphasia)
  • Cognitive challenges – memory loss, trouble focusing and remembering
  • Emotional distress – fear, anxiety, anger, sadness, frustration
  • Depression – afflicting 30-50% of stroke survivors and leading to lethargy, sleep disturbances, lowered self-esteem, and withdrawal

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